Why we forget? 我們為什麼會忘事?

Why we forget? 我們為什麼會忘事?

Why we forget? 我們為什麼會忘事?

詞彙表

recall 回想起

forgetful 健忘的

store 儲存

retrieve 找回

short-term 短期的

long-term 長期的

effectively 有效地

irrelevant 無關緊要的

decay 減弱,衰退

revisit 重新回想

The Doorway Effect “門口效應”(指瞬間忘事的現象)

physical 物質的

mental 精神的,心理的

spin too many plates 兼顧太多事情

a mind like a sieve “記憶像濾網”,容易忘事,健忘

on your mind 腦子裡想著

sharp 敏銳的,機敏的

Alzheimer’s disease 阿爾茨海默病

cognitive resources 認知資源

Why we forget 我們為什麼會忘事?

Why we forget 我們為什麼會忘事?

02:57

未知來源

How is your memory? Remembering things is an important function of our brain – if we can’t recall how to do something, we can’t survive。 If you think about it, there is so much we have to remember – from where we left our car keys to how we walk。 Maybe it’s no surprise that sometimes we are forgetful。

你的記憶力怎麼樣? 記憶是我們大腦的一項重要功能——如果我們不能回憶起如何做某件事,我們就無法生存。 如果你仔細想想,我們需要記住的事情太多了——從我們把車鑰匙放在哪裡,到我們如何走路。 也許我們有時會健忘並不奇怪。

Memory allows the brain to store and retrieve information when required。 Our short-term memory can hold a small amount of information for a short time, while our long-term memory can hold an unlimited amount of information for a long time。 Our memory is amazing, but why do we still forget things?

記憶允許大腦在需要的時候儲存和檢索資訊。 我們的短期記憶可以在短時間內儲存少量的資訊,而我們的長期記憶可以長時間儲存無限數量的資訊。 我們的記憶力是驚人的,但是為什麼我們仍然會忘記事情呢?

It’s possible we don’t always store information in our memory effectively, maybe because we are in a rush or we consider it irrelevant at the time。 When we do store information, we often make connections with other things, which helps us recall it later。 If you don’t have these connections, then it can be easier to forget。 Writing for the BBC’s Science Focus magazine, Luis Villazon says “It is also possible that memories decay over time。 As they have not been revisited, their biological ‘trace’ becomes weak。” It’s true that if you don’t perform a task for a long period of time, it can be difficult to recall how to do it。 This could be because, just like in a computer, our memory is full, or that our short-term memory is easier to access。

這可能是因為我們並不總是有效地在記憶中儲存資訊,也許是因為我們很匆忙,或者我們當時認為它無關緊要。 當我們儲存資訊時,我們經常會與其他事物建立聯絡,這有助於我們在以後回憶起它。 如果你沒有這些聯絡,就很容易忘記。 路易斯·維拉松(Luis Villazon)在為BBC《科學焦點》(Science Focus)雜誌撰寫的文章中說:“記憶也有可能隨著時間而衰退。 由於它們沒有被重新審視,它們的生物學‘痕跡’就變得微弱了。” 的確,如果你長時間不執行一項任務,很難回想起該怎麼做。 這可能是因為,就像在電腦中一樣,我們的記憶體是滿的,或者我們的短期記憶更容易訪問。

But sometimes even our short-term memory can let us down。 Have you ever gone into a room to fetch something only to forget what you wanted when you got there? This is called ‘The Doorway Effect’。 Writing for the BBC Future website, psychologist Tom Stafford explains that this “occurs because we change both the physical and mental environments, moving to a different room and thinking about different things。” Put simply, we are metaphorically trying to spin too many plates at the same time。

但有時甚至我們的短期記憶也會讓我們失望。你有沒有過這樣的經歷:走進房間去取東西,結果到了房間卻忘了自己想要的東西?這被稱為“門口效應”。心理學家湯姆·斯塔福德在為英國廣播公司未來網站撰寫的文章中解釋說,這是因為我們改變了生理和心理環境,搬到不同的房間,思考不同的事情。簡單地說,我們比喻試圖在同一時間旋轉太多的盤子。

So, if you have a mind like a sieve, it could be because you have too much on your mind。 But we do need to keep our memory sharp by continually using it, especially as beyond our 50s our brains tend to shrink in volume and our memory begins to decline。 That’s when we’re at more risk of getting Alzheimer’s disease。

所以,如果你的大腦像篩子一樣,這可能是因為你的大腦中有太多的東西。但是,我們確實需要透過不斷地使用記憶力來保持敏銳,特別是當我們超過50歲時,我們的大腦容量趨於萎縮,我們的記憶力開始衰退。這時我們更容易患老年痴呆症。

However, as Luis Villazon says, “Forgetting is not always a bad thing! It would waste cognitive resources if we remembered every detail of the world around us。” That’s something worth remembering!

然而,正如路易斯·維拉松所說:“遺忘並不總是壞事!”如果我們能記住周圍世界的每一個細節,就會浪費認知資源。”這是值得記住的事情!

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Why we forget? 我們為什麼會忘事?