形容詞原級、比較級、最高階
【形容詞比較等級的構成】：
規則變化
單音節詞和少數多音節詞
一般直接加-er，est long – longer- longest tall- taller- tallest
以不發音的e結尾時加-r，-st late- later –latest large- larger – largest
以子音字母加y 結尾時把y 變成i，再加-er，-est 。
easy –easier- easiest happy- happier -happiest
以重度閉音節結尾且末尾只有一個子音字母時，雙寫最後的子音字母，再加-er，-est。
big- bigger- biggest hot –hotter -hottest
多音節詞和部分雙音節詞，在原級前加more ，the most。
careful- more careful – most careful beautiful – more beautiful – most beautiful
不規則變化
good / well – better – best
many/ much – more – most
bad/ ill – worse – worst
little- less – least
far- farther- farthest far- further- furthest
old- older- oldest old- elder – eldest
【教法指導】不規則變化口訣
一分為二有兩個，一個遠來一個老，
合二為一有三對，兩壞兩多和兩好，
還有一詞雙意含，只譯少來不譯小。
【形容詞原級的用法】：
1。說明人或事物自身的特徵、性質或狀態時，
The flowers in the garden are beautiful。
The girl is lovely。
2。有表示絕對概念的副詞very，so ，too， enough，quite 等修飾時，
The boy is too young。
The classroom is very large。
3。表示A與B在某方面程度相同或不同時
1）肯定句：A…。。 +as +形容詞原級+as +B
English is as interesting as Chinese。
This book is as thick as that one 。
2）否定句：A…。。+as/ so+形容詞原級 + as+B
Tom is not so tall as Tim。
This village is not as big as that one。
3）表示A是B 的……。倍時，A…。。+倍數+as +形容詞原級+as+B
Our school is three times as big as theirs。
The table is twice as tall as the chair。
4） 表示…。。是…。。的一半時， A…。+ half as + 形容詞+ as+ B
Her room is half as big as yours。
The red pencil is half as long as the blue pencil。
【形容詞比較級的用法】
1．表示兩者進行比較時，A …+比較級+than +B。
Lily’s room is bigger than mine。
My classroom is smaller than hers。
2．有表示程度的副詞a little ， a bit ， a great deal ， a lot ，much， even ，still， far，rather，any 等修飾形容詞時，
It’s much colder today than yesterday。
This bottle is a little bigger than that one。
為了避免重複，在從句中常用the one ，that ， those 等詞代替前面出現過的詞，其中the one 代替可數名詞單數形式，the ones 和those 代替可數名詞的複數形式，that 代替不可數名詞。
The weather of Tianjin is colder than that of Guangzhou in winter。
The cars made in Germany is better than those made in Japan。
3． 表示兩者之間進行選擇，“哪一個更…。。”時，用句型“ WhIch / who is + 形容詞比較級，A or B？”
Who is the taller， Liming or Wangtao？
Which one is the longer， the pen or the pencil？
4． 表示“幾倍於…。。 ”時，用“倍數+比較級+than ”表示
Your room is three times bigger than mine。
The school is four times larger than the hall。
5． 表示“兩者之間比較…。。的一個”時，（of the two），常用 “the+ 比較級”結構。
Mary is the taller of the two。
Being is the bigger of the two。
6。 表示“越來越…… ”，用比較級的重疊結構，即“比較級+and + 比較級”，當形容詞為多音節詞或部分雙音節詞時，用“more and more + 形容詞原級”。
It’s getting warmer and warmer in spring。
It’s colder and colder in winter。
7。 表示“越…。，就越…。”時，用“the +比較級，the +比較級”結構
The more ， the better。
The more you eat ， the fatter you will be。
【形容詞最高階的用法】
1。 表示三者或三者以上的人或物的比較，最高階前必須加定冠詞the ，句末常跟一個in/ of 短語來表示範圍。
Shanghai is the biggest city in China。
Tim is the tallest student in my classroom。
2。 表示三者或三者以上的人或物進行選擇時，用“Which/Who is the +最高階，A，B or C？”
Which city is the most beautiful， Beijing ， Shanghai or Fuzhou？
Who is the best student， Lily ， Lucy or Betty？
3。 表示最…。。 的…。之一時，用“one of the +形容詞最高階”結構，該形容詞後面的名詞要用複數形式。
Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers。
Gongli is one of the most beautiful actresses in China。
4。 形容詞最高階前面可以加序數詞，表示第幾最…。。
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China。
5。 形容詞最高階前可以有物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有格等修飾，此時不能再用定冠詞。
This is our best lesson today。
Friday is my busiest day in a week。
6。 形容詞比較級結構可以表示最高階含義。
Li Lei is the tallest student in his class（李雷是他班上最高的同學）
=Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class。
=Li Lei is taller than the other students in his class。
=Li Lei is taller than anyone else in his class。
=No one is as tall as Li Lei in his class。
=No one is taller than Li Lei in his class。
= Li Lei is taller than any of the other students in his class。
=Li Lei is taller than the rest of students in his class。
