英語聽說：你覺得孤獨嗎？
Loneliness
27。孤獨
音訊文字：
Hello。 Welcome to 6 Minute English， I‘m Neil。
大家好。歡迎來到六分鐘英語，我是尼爾。
And I’m Sam。
我是薩姆。
And we are sitting here in New Broadcasting House， in the middle of London。 Would you say， Sam， that this is an
isolated
place？
我們現在坐在位於倫敦中心的新廣播大樓。薩姆，你會說這是一個與世隔絕的地方嗎？
Oh， no， not at all。 Isolated‘ means far away from other places and people。
噢，不，一點也不。“隔絕的”指的是遠離其它地方和人群。
Does that mean then， do you think， that you can’t be lonely here， with all these people around and all these things to do？
那麼你認為那指的是在這裡和這些人一起做事情不會孤獨嗎？
Ah， good question。 Can you be lonely in a crowd？ Yes， of course， I think you can be because being lonely isn‘t about physical
isolation
。 I think you can be lonely anywhere if you feel that you are disconnected from the world around you， if you feel that no one understands you。 If you are living happily in isolation in The Scottish Highlands， for example， I’m sure you could feel lonely if you came here to London。
啊，問得好。你在一群人中間會感覺孤獨嗎？是的，當然，我覺得你會感到孤獨，因為孤獨並不是身體上的孤立。如果你感覺自己和你周圍的世界孤立開來，如果你感覺沒有人理解你，那我覺得你在任何地方都是孤獨的。舉個例子，如果你開心地住在與世隔絕的蘇格蘭高地，那我確定你來倫敦這裡會感到孤獨。
Well， loneliness is today‘s topic。 The BBC has just completed a big survey about it which we will learn more about shortly。 But first， of course， a question： Where is the most isolated inhabited place on the planet by which I mean the place furthest away from anywhere else with the fewest people living there。 Is it：
a） McMurdo Station in Antarctica
b） Siwa Oasis in Egypt’s Western Desert， or is it
c） the island of Tristan da Cunha in the South Atlantic？
What do you think， Sam？
好吧，孤獨是今天的主題。BBC剛剛完成一項關於這個主題的大調查，我們將會很快了解到更多。但是首先當然有一個問題：哪裡是地球上最與世隔絕的棲息地？我指的是離其它任何地方都很遠的地方，住在那裡的人也最少。是a）南極洲的麥克默多站 b）埃及西部沙漠的西瓦綠洲 還是c）南大西洋的特里斯坦達庫尼亞島？你認為是什麼，薩姆？
I‘ve got absolutely no idea， so this is just a guess。 I think it’s the one in Antarctica。 I‘m going to go with that。
我完全沒想法，所以這隻能猜了。我覺得是南極洲的那個。我選那個。
Well， we’ll have the answer later on in the programme。 Loneliness is seen as a big problem for the
mental health
of the population，
so much so that
the British government has a minister for loneliness。 But which
age group
suffers most from loneliness？ Here is a BBC report about the research。
好的，我們稍後將在節目中揭曉答案。孤獨被視為人口心理健康的一大問題，以至於英國政府設有孤獨大臣這一職務。但是哪個年齡群承受的孤獨最多呢？這是BBC對該調查的報道。
There is a common
stereotype
that loneliness affects only the old and the isolated。 It does， but what this experiment also shows is that loneliness is felt throughout life。 People
aged
between 16 and 24 experience loneliness more often and more intensely than any other age group。
有一種常見的刻板印象認為孤獨僅影響老人和孤立的人。確實是，但是這項實驗同樣表明孤獨是貫穿一生的。年齡在16到24之間的人所承受的孤獨比其它年齡群更頻繁，更強烈。
So according to the research， Sam， which section of society is most affected by loneliness？
所以根據調查，薩姆，社會哪個部分人群最容易受到孤獨影響？
This might be a surprise， but it‘s 16 to 24 year olds。
這或許出人意料，但介於16歲到24歲之間的人群最易受到孤獨影響。
I was surprised by that because like many， I would’ve guessed that it was older people。
我對那感到吃驚，因為像許多人一樣，我會猜是年紀大一些的人。
The reporter did say that that was a stereotype。 A stereotype is nothing to do with
stereo
music。 But it‘s the noun we use to describe a very simple and basic judgement of someone and their
character
and
personality
based on their age， nationality， profession and so on。 So a stereotype of British people is that we can’t cook， we have bad teeth， we are very
reserved
and never say what we mean。
那個記者確實稱那是一種刻板印象。刻板印象和立體音樂沒任何關係。但是這個名詞是我們用來形容他人性格和個性的一種十分簡單基礎的評價，那是基於他人的年齡，國籍，職業等等。所以對英國人的刻板形象是不下廚，牙齒不好，我們非常內斂，從來不說我們想要表達的。
I don‘t know what you mean， my cooking is wonderful， Sam。 And the stereotype is that old people get lonely。
我不知道你指什麼，我的廚藝非常棒，薩姆。而且刻板印象是覺得老人會孤獨。
Much like the stereotypes of British people， this may be true。 In some cases - I‘ve eaten some of your
home-cooked
meals remember， Neil - but it‘s not true for the majority。 It is young people who feel lonely more often and more
intensely
。 Intensely’ here means ‘
strongly
’。 The feeling of loneliness is stronger in young people than older people。
就像對英國人的刻板印象，那或許是真的。在一些情況下——我吃過你做的家常菜，還記得吧，尼爾——那就不像大多數情況，你做菜很棒並不是真的。年輕人會更頻繁，更強烈地感到孤獨。“Intensely”在這裡指的是“強烈地”。年輕人的孤獨感比年紀大一些的人的孤獨感更強烈。
The reporter
goes on to
give some explanation for why young people might be more lonely。
記者接著解釋為什麼年輕人或許更加孤獨。
Researchers from the University of Manchester who analysed the data， suggested feeling lonely may
plague
the young。 Because it‘s a time of
identity change
， figuring out your place in the world and of learning to regulate emotions。
曼徹斯特大學的研究人員對資料進行分析，稱感覺孤獨或許會困擾年輕人。因為正是身份轉變的時候，要弄清自己在世界上所處位置，學會管理情緒。
He says that feeling lonely may plague young people， what does he mean there？
他說感覺孤獨可能會困擾年輕人，他那是指什麼？
If you are
plagued
by something， it means that it troubles you， it bothers you and
not just once
， it’s something that happens continually or repeatedly。
如果你被某事所困擾，那指的是給你帶來麻煩，打擾到你，而且不止一次，它是不斷或者重複發生的某事。
And he says this may be， because at that age we are still figuring out our place in the world。 We are trying to understand the world and what we
are supposed to do
with our lives。
而且他說可能會是這樣，因為在那個年齡，我們仍然在瞭解自己在世界所處的位置。我們在設法理解這個世界，以及我們應該在自己的人生中做些什麼。
He also suggests that younger people have not yet learned how to
regulate their emotions
， which is another way of saying to
control their emotions
。
他同樣稱較年輕的人還沒有學會如何管理他們的情緒，那是控制他們情緒的另一種說法。
Right。 Time to review this week‘s vocabulary， but before that let’s have the answer to the quiz。 I asked： Where is the most isolated
inhabited
place on the planet？ Is it： a） McMurdo Station in Antarctica b） Siwa Oasis in Egypt‘s Western Desert or c） the island of Tristan da Cunha in the South Atlantic？ What did you say， Sam？
好的。是時候回顧這周的詞彙了，但是在那之前，讓我們揭曉測試問題的答案。我問：哪裡是地球上最與世隔絕的棲息地？是a）南極洲的麥克默多站 b）埃及西部沙漠的西瓦綠洲 還是c）南大西洋的特里斯坦達庫尼亞島？你說是什麼，薩姆？
I said a）。
我說是a選項。
Well， I’m afraid to say the answer is actually c） the island of Tristan da Cunha in the South Atlantic。 It has a population of fewer than 300 and it‘s only accessible by a 6-day
voyage
by ship from South Africa。
好吧，我恐怕要說答案實際上是c）南大西洋的特里斯坦達庫尼亞島。它的人口不足300，而且只可以透過南非的輪渡六天之旅進入。
So not a popular place for a weekend break！
所以對於週末休息來說不是一個受歡迎的地方！
Indeed not。 Now it’s time for a recap of our vocabulary。 The first word was ‘
isolated
’， which Tristan da Cunha certainly is。 It means far away from other place and people。
確實不是。現在是時候回顧我們的單詞了。第一個是“隔絕的”，特里斯坦達庫尼亞島絕對是。它指的是遠離其它地方和人群。
Then there was
stereotype
- the noun for a simplistic view of person or group based on their nationality， age， profession and the like。
然後是刻板印象——這個名詞是基於別人的國籍，年齡，職業等等，對他人或群體的簡單評價。
Intensely
‘ means ’strongly‘。
“Intensely”指的是“強烈地”。
Being plagued
by something’ means it causes you problems and difficulties。
“被某事所困擾”指的是它給你造成麻煩和難題。
If you are trying to figure something out， you are trying to understand it。
如果你設法瞭解某事，那你就是在嘗試理解它。
And ‘
to regulate something
’ means to control it。
而且“to regulate something”指的是控制某事。
Well， sadly， that‘s the end of the programme。 Hopefully you won’t feel too lonely without us， remember we are always here on Instagram， Facebook， Twitter， YouTube， our App and of course the website bbclearningenglish。com。 See you soon。 Goodbye。
好的，很難過到了節目最後了。希望沒有我們你不會感到太孤獨，要記得我們一直都在Instagram，Facebook，Twitter，YouTube和我們的應用軟體上，當然還有我們的網站bbclearningenglish。com。下次見。再見。
Bye！
拜！
________________
語料：
broadcast 廣播，播音
isolated adj。偏遠的；孤立的；孤獨的；
isolation n。隔離；孤立
lonely adj。寂寞的；偏僻的
loneliness n。寂寞，孤獨
mental health 心理健康
so much so that 到這樣程度以致…
age group 同年齡範圍內的人
stereotype n。陳腔濫調，老套；成見 （stereotyped adj。老一套的）
stereo adj。 立體的；立體聲的；立體感覺的
People
aged
between 16 and 24 年齡在16到24之間的人
character n。 性格，品質；特性；角色
personality n。 個性；品格
reserved adj。 保留的，預訂的；緘默的，冷淡的，高冷的
home-cooked 家常的
intensely 強烈地 【近】strongly
go on to 繼續
plague n。 瘟疫，鼠疫；災禍；麻煩事（人）；v。 使折磨，使苦惱；糾纏
Being plagued 被…困擾
not just once 不止一次
identity change 身份轉變
be supposed to do 應該幹…
regulate emotions 調節情緒 【近】control emotions控制情緒
inhabited adj。有人居住的
voyage 航行
