精品推薦—袁大頭，站洋，戶部大清銀幣

袁大頭

是民國時期主要流通貨幣之一，“袁大頭”是對袁世凱像系列硬幣的口語俗稱，嚴謹點說叫“袁世凱像背嘉禾銀幣”。北洋政府為了整頓幣制，劃一銀幣，於民國三年（1914年）二月，頒佈《國幣條例》十三條，決定實行銀本位制度。《國幣條例》規定：“以庫平純銀六錢四分八釐為價格之單位，定名為圓”，“一圓銀幣，總重七錢二分，銀八九，銅一一”，“一圓銀幣用數無限制”，即以一圓銀幣為無限法償的本位貸幣。根據這一規定，於1914年12月及1915年2月， 先後由造幣總廠及江南造幣廠開鑄一圓銀幣，幣面鐫刻袁世凱頭像，俗稱“袁頭幣”或“袁大頭”。

清朝滅亡之後，

1912年4月袁世凱出任大總統。北洋政府鑑於當時鑄幣、紙幣十分複雜，流通的中外貨幣在百種以上，規格不一，流通混亂，折算繁瑣，民眾積怨，同時也想借助貨幣改制以解決軍費問題，便決定鑄發國幣。袁世凱為了提高自己的統治地位，把他的頭像鑄於幣面，“袁大頭”由此而來。

背嘉禾二本，左右互動，下繫結帶，中鑄“伍圓”二字。這些年，在銀元收藏界，有一個名字，始終不乏耳聞，那就是“袁大頭”，特別是這幾年，隨著金銀價格走強以及市場的火爆，許多老銀元的市場價格都有了多倍的漲幅，其中部分版本特殊，品相良好，存世稀少的珍品，更是不可估量。

嘉禾”，美禾，茁壯之禾，碩大之禾，祥瑞之禾也。東漢許慎《說文》雲：“禾，嘉穀也。以二月而種，八月始熟，得時之中，故謂之禾。”王充《論衡·講瑞篇》雲：“嘉禾生於禾中，與禾中異穗，謂之嘉禾。”古人多以“嘉禾”為祥瑞之物，與甘露醴泉並稱。如班固《漢書·公孫弘傳》雲：“甘露降，風雨時，嘉禾興。”也就是生長得特別茁壯的禾稻，古人視嘉禾圖案為吉祥的象徵。

在中國錢幣上就有嘉禾圖案，現在國徽上就有，最典型的嘉禾紋樣就是“袁大頭”上的背後的嘉禾圖案。

正面均為袁世凱五分側面像，上列紀年，民國三年，民國八年等，袁大頭之所以會被稱為袁大頭主要是因為在這枚銀元背後是印有袁世凱側臉的“大頭貼，並且這枚銀元也是由他發行的，首先銀元值錢的其中原因在於它和人民幣不同，它從外國的傳入期是由清朝開始袁世凱為了解決在辛亥革命後的軍費問題以及個人地位提高的重要途徑，從這裡來說雖然他不受到歡迎但是銀元背後的歷史價值是不容小窺的。

袁大頭

中的極品民國三年袁大頭，這一年的袁大頭髮行量最少，因為他在當時是一個錯版的存在，一般的袁大頭都是七個字，多了一個‘造’字，在所有袁大頭中只有民國三年的袁大頭是沒有造字的，民字是多一點的，這也是與其它錢幣很大的一個區別，我們可以看到袁大頭人像胸前與內齒接觸的地方是少一個內齒的，這也是內行人鑑定錢幣真假重要的一點，這枚錢幣整圈就少這一個內齒，當時的目的就為了來防偽的，而後期仿製的錢幣是沒有注意到這個細節的。

錢幣收藏曆來就講究：藏‘絕’三年袁大頭是整個袁大頭系列裡的一‘絕’其收藏價值極高，而且錢幣第二側重點就是看品相，這幾枚銀幣，包漿自然，整體規整，字型清晰，圖案精美，無任何磕缺，變形，品相完美，是館藏級別的銀幣。

下兩枚為

民國三年伍元袁大頭

，銀包漿老舊有明顯的氧化銀包漿，呈現棕黑色，十分開門，且字跡清晰，輪廓分明，表現壓力十足。

上左為

戶部丙午年大清銀幣：

戶部丙午中字大清銀幣的正中央有“大清銀幣”四個字，中間是一個“中”字，邊緣是水波紋，珠圈外面是滿文“大清銀幣”，兩邊則是“丙午”地支幹年，反面為蟠龍圖案，上環光緒年造，下環英文。這種錢幣的製作非常精美，而且扮底沒有瑕疵，存世量比較少，且完全未使用，所以價值極高。

上右為站洋：

站人“銀元圖案精美，內涵深邃。正面一名武士，站立岸頭，傲視世界。左手持米字盾牌，右手執三叉戟，意為能攻能守，戰無不勝。內齒整齊，長短一致，無連齒並齒的現象，內齒內一圈回形紋包裹珠圈上左右兩側分列英文ONE-DOLLAR（壹圓），下方記載年號1911年。背面中央有中文篆體”壽“字，上下為中文行體”壹圓“，左右為馬來文”壹圓，由扶桑花包裹，扶桑花是馬來西亞的國花，外圍一圈珠圈由回形紋包裹，邊緣一圈內齒十分規整。

包漿：

銀幣經過長時間氧化後，會形成氧化層，也就是所謂的包漿，不同的藏品會有不同的包漿，而白銀氧化會，氧化銀是棕褐色立方晶系結晶或棕黑色粉末，不溶於水，易溶於酸和氨水，有了這層氧化包漿，錢幣就進入了自我保護模式，就像是穿了一層保護層，幾乎不會再氧化，包漿給錢幣帶來了極大的好處，而且也是錢幣年份的表現，一般這種氧化包漿沒有幾十年是無法形成的，這也就讓造假者十分頭疼，目前沒有好的辦法來仿製氧化銀包漿，一般都是採用火燒，或者在錢幣做上一層厚厚的假包漿，使得錢幣字都看不清，影響錢幣賣相，所以一般大多數都是採用火燒的方法。

銀幣壓力：

由於清朝自民國使用英國進口造幣機器，壓力高達五十噸，這個技術直到民國結束也未被超越，所以國內仿製銀幣多為圖案模糊不清，內齒相連，並齒，所以很多專業的錢幣收藏者，一看錢幣說是壓力不足，就變相的說是仿品，真品銀幣，圖案清晰，無論是邊齒，還是內次，都十分規整，且不會出現相連，並齒的情況，內齒長短一致，整齊劃一，不會出現長短不一的情況，邊齒也不會有斜齒，或者齒痕極淺的情況，因為仿幣是用一種小型的裝置，圍著銀幣邊緣，滾上一圈，我們稱之為滾齒，很多陰陽齒等特殊齒輪是後滾出來的，在錢幣邊緣形成一圈滾痕，所以我們看錢幣首要的就是看它的壓力是否足夠，線條是否清晰，沒有瑕疵，多餘的痕跡。

銀色

：：即是銀圓呈現出的金屬色彩。真銀圓的銀色白色中透著滋潤，光澤柔和，顏色中透出一種自然沁色。假銀圓雖是白銀製造，但是由於金屬成分的配方，它的銀色和老銀圓有著差異，一般是白裡透著青，光澤較強，顏色生硬刺眼，用行話說，就是帶“賊光”。這一點透過多觀察，比較容易掌握。

綜上所述，這幾枚銀幣經過專家老師的仔細鑑定，銀幣表現字跡清晰人物生動，內齒規整，表現壓力十足，且表面都有一層極其自然的氧化銀包漿，為褐黑色包漿，細看底光柔和，銀色溫潤，龍紋龍鱗清晰，人物眼神傳神，字跡行雲流水，無任何呆板的表現，壓力十足，經專家組認定這幾枚銀幣為真品，且品相十分完美，極其難得，具有極高的收藏價值。

英文翻譯：

Yuan Tou was one of the main currencies in circulation during the Republic of China。 “Yuan Tou” is the colloquial name for yuan Shikai‘s series of COINS， or， to be more precise， “Yuan Shikai’s jiahe silver coin on the back”。 In order to rectify the currency system， the Beiyang government， in February of the third year of the Republic of China （1914）， promulgated the “national currency regulations” 13， decided to implement the silver standard system。 According to the Regulations of the State Currency， “a unit of six silver COINS of kuping with a price of four cents and eight cents shall be named as the dollar”， “a dollar of silver with a total weight of two cents， eight silver and one copper” and “a dollar of silver with an unlimited number of USES”， that is， a dollar of silver shall be the standard loan with an unlimited law。 According to this regulation， in December 1914 and February 1915， the coinage general factory and the Jiangnan Mint opened a dollar coin， engraved with the head of Yuan Shikai， commonly known as “Yuan Tou coin” or “Yuan Tou head”。

After the fall of the Qing Dynasty， Yuan Shikai became the great President in April 1912。 In view of the complexity of coinage and paper currency at that time， there were more than 100 kinds of Chinese and foreign currency in circulation， with different specifications， chaotic circulation and complicated conversion。 The people were resentful and wanted to solve the military expenditure problem by means of currency reform， so the Beiyang government decided to coin and issue national currency。 Yuan Shikai， in order to enhance his dominance， had his head cast in the currency， hence the name “Yuan Tou”。

Back jiahe two， left and right interaction， under the knot belt， cast in the “five round” two words。 Over the years， in the silver collection area， has a name， is not always hear， that is “big head” yuan， especially in recent years， as the gold and silver price strength and market， and many there were more than the market price of the old silver dollar rise， some of these special version， good appearance， only rare treasures， is immeasurable。

Golden Grain， beautiful grain， strong and strong grain， huge grain， auspicious grain also。 The Eastern Han Dynasty Xu Shen “said the text” cloud： “He， Jia Gu also。 With February and kind， in August beginning ripe， in time， so that he。 Wang Chong， ”On balance · Talk rui“ cloud： ”He was born in the grain， and the different ears of the grain， known as the harvest。 Ancient people most regarded “Jiahe” as such blessed and lichen springs are called as such。 For example， Ban Gu‘s Book of Han， Gongsun Hong Biography said： “When the dew falls， the harvest rises。” It is also the growth of special strong rice， the ancients regarded the pattern of golden harvest as a symbol of good luck。

There are golden Harvest patterns on Chinese COINS， and now there are golden Harvest patterns on the national emblem。 The most typical pattern of golden Harvest patterns is the pattern on the back of “Yuan’s head”。

Positive are five yuan shikai profile， the above calendar， three years of the republic of China， eight years of the republic of China， big head big head is called yuan yuan because behind this silver was printed with yuan shikai side face of the photo， and it also issued by his silver medal， the first silver valuable is that it， unlike the yuan， the reasons of it from foreign afferent phase consists of the qing dynasty to yuan shikai in order to solve the problem of the military after xinhai revolution as well as an important means to improve the personal status， from here， although he is not popular but the history behind the silver dollar value is not small peep。

Big head， big head in need three years of the republic of China yuan yuan this bulk circulation of at least one year of yuan， because he was a wrong version of the existence of general yuan big head is seven words， more than a “made” word， in only three years of the republic of China of all bulk yuan yuan big head there is no word， word is a bit more， this is also with the rest of the money， a big difference between big head portrait inside his chest and we can see that the yuan is less an inner gear tooth contact， it is also a professional identification of true and false coin important， this coin， the less it inside a tooth， then came to the purpose of anti-counterfeiting， The later copy of the coin does not pay attention to this detail。

Coin collecting is exquisite， hid ‘no’ three years of big head big head series is the yuan yuan a ‘no’ in the very high collection value， and coin the second focus is see appearance， this a few pieces of silver， patina natural， whole is neat， clear font， beautifully designed， cutting without any deficiency， deformation， quality perfect， it is silver coin collection level。

The next two pieces are five yuan yuan in the third year of the Republic of China。 The old and old silver oxide paste is brown and black。 It is very open， and the handwriting is clear and distinct， showing full pressure。

Left on the afternoon of c for the years qing silver： is the central of c in the afternoon word qing silver have “qing silver” four word， is a “in” word， edge water ripple， outside the circle is the manchu qing silver “， both sides is noon ”c“ gan dry years， opposite to panlong pattern， sheung guangxu years， the ring in English。 It was exquisitely made， immaculate， rare and completely unused， and therefore of great value。

On the right for the station： station people ”silver dollar pattern elegant， profound connotation。 Front a warrior， standing on the shore head， proud of the world。 He holds a rice shield in his left hand and a trident in his right hand， which means he can attack and defend， and is invincible。 The inner teeth are neat and of the same length， without the phenomenon of interlocking teeth。 The left and right sides of the inner teeth are arranged in English one-dollar （ONE yuan）， with the date of 1911 recorded below。 There is Chinese seal style “longevity” character in the middle of the back， the upper and the lower Chinese line “one yuan”， the left and right Malay “one yuan， wrapped by the fusang flower， fusang flower is the national flower of Malaysia， a ring of beads around the periphery is wrapped by the circular shape grain， a ring of teeth inside the edge is very neat。

Wrapped slurry： Silver after a long time after oxidation， oxidation， layer of the so-called patina， different items have different wrapped slurry， and silver oxide， silver oxide is tan cubic crystal system crystallization or dark brown powder， insoluble in water， soluble in acid and ammonia， with the oxide layer wrapped slurry， coin into the ego to protect mode， like wearing a protective layer， almost no oxidation， patina to coin has brought great benefits， but also a coin year performance， general this oxidation patina can not formed without decades， this also let the counterfeiters are very headache， there is no good way to imitation silver oxide wrapped slurry， Generally is the use of fire， or in the coin to do a thick layer of fake pulp， coin words are not clear， affect the appearance of the coin， so most of the general is the use of fire。

Silver pressure： Since the qing dynasty republic of China， use the imported version machine， pressure up to 50 tons， the technology until the end of the republic of China， also not be transcended， so domestic imitation silver to design more blurred， internal tooth is linked together， and teeth， so a lot of professional coin collectors， a look at the coin， pressure is not enough， is a disguised form of replicas， genuine silver COINS， the pattern is clear， both side of tooth， in time， all very neat， and there will not be connected， and teeth， the tooth length is consistent， uniform， there will be no length is differ， there will be no edge of helical， or teeth marks very shallow， because money is to use a kind of small equipment， We call it hobbing。 Many special gears， such as Yin and Yang teeth， roll out backwards， forming a roll mark on the edge of the coin。 Therefore， the first thing to look at a coin is to see whether the pressure is enough， whether the lines are clear， whether there are no defects or unnecessary marks。

Silver： ： is the metal color of the silver circle。 The silvery white of true silvery circle is showing moist， burnish is downy， give a kind of natural ooze color fully in color。 Although the fake silver circle is made of silver， due to the formulation of metal composition， its silver and old silver circle have differences。 Generally， the white is full of green， with strong luster， and the color is harsh and dazzling。 In jargon， it is with ”thief light“。 This point is easier to grasp if you observe it too much。

To sum up， this a few silver pieces after the expert teacher of careful appraisal， silver show clear vivid characters， internal tooth neat， performance pressure， and the surface has a layer of extremely natural patina， silver oxide as brown-black patina， peered at the bottom of the light is downy， jade， silver dragon squama clear， eyes vivid characters， the words flowing， without any mechanical performance， pressure， the panel found that a few silver pieces for the real thing， and the appearance is very perfect， very rare， has a very high collection value。