精品推薦—黑漆古四川銅幣
黑漆古是什麼
四川銅幣，是晚清和北洋時期四川省地方政權鑄造的貨幣。由於川省銀銅礦缺乏，加之辛亥革命以後軍閥割據，致使中央政府《幣制條例》關於銅幣之原料比例、銅幣面額的規定沒有嚴格遵守，四川銅幣發行量十分巨大，致使物價虛高、影響經濟發展。四川銅幣，自光緒二十九年（1903年）六月開鑄，至民國二十四年（1935年）十一月法幣開始流通才逐漸退出流通領域 。
1911年5月，腐敗的清政府假借鐵路國有化名義，將民辦川漢、粵漢築路權出讓給英法德美四國銀行團，激起全國各地人民的反對，四川省反響尤為強烈，數十萬人參加了保路同志軍。武昌起義後，各省先後宣佈獨立，保路軍包圍了成都。趙爾豐控制不住四川的局面，只得將政權交給四川保路運動的領導人蒲殿俊等立憲派人士。於是，四川省也宣告獨立，成立了“大漢四川軍政府”，並接管成都造幣分廠。為擴充軍需，鑄造發行了這種“漢”字銀幣。
黑漆古
：古銅長期存放在大氣中鏽蝕機理分析紫銅、青銅、黃銅在大氣中都很穩定，一般小於0。00015毫米/年，在銅表面會生成一層極穩定的保護薄膜，主要是鹼式硫酸銅呈橄欖綠色，還會產生氧化銅（CuO）中黑色，硫化亞銅黑色，及氧化亞錫（SnO）棕黑色。年代越久則鏽層加厚顏色也變深，俗稱為“黑漆古”，若長期在手中把玩則會使表面光亮如鏡俗稱“傳世古”。但在這類古銅中也產生電化學腐蝕，故是“啞聲‘。若古銅長期在乾燥的環境中（大氣中或土中）也會產生氧化銅和氧化亞金星呈深黑色，俗稱“黑漆古”
藏品介紹
中文名稱：軍政府背漢十八圈四川銅幣
英文名稱：
The military government carried eighteen copper COINS from sichuan province
規格：一枚
類別：雜項
品相：美品，表面自然氧化形成黑漆古包漿。
正面是四川銅幣，中間是海棠花紋，上面是軍政府造，下面則是錢幣的價值。左右為花星紋。背面則是中華民國元年六個字，中央珠圈內是漢，外面是十八個小圈，在當時代表了十八個省份，寓意十八省人民齊心協力共同戰鬥，錢幣正反面都形成了黑漆古包漿，有如一塊墨玉美輪美奐，黑漆古包漿保證了錢幣的年代，開門見老，也保護了錢幣有如上了一層保護膜，保護錢幣不受酸蝕，腐蝕，氧化等影響，便於儲存。
軍政府造四川銅幣當制錢壹佰文，背面紀年為中華民國二年。因其背面有一個大大的漢字，故在收藏圈又稱其為“大漢銅元”
“大漢”錢幣在面值和材質上的版別還是多種多樣的。有銀質的壹圓，伍角，貳角，壹角。有銅質的當制錢壹佰文，當制錢伍拾文，當制錢貳拾文，當制錢十文等。從發行紀年看有中華民國元年，中華民國二年和中華民國三年等。
四川銅幣當制錢五十文軍政府造，此幣材質為紅銅。邊沿齒短，左右空心十字花星。此幣面上文字全與點金為主。四川銅幣四字開口，點為心。川字最後一筆加長戴帽，上面戴倆點。銅為金字旁，肆橫金，第三橫缺一半。幣字一個粗點代替撇捺。上緣軍政府造，軍字筆畫較細，軍以點開頭，與橫折不連，俗稱細絲軍。政字點攻心，反文撇捺相連。府字點開頭，橫撇不連。造字點開頭，牛字口造。錢字四橫金，第三橫向上彎。文字是離文文，撇捺與上橫不相連。上緣軍政府造，府造之間有打一橫印記。背面上緣中華民國二年，華字右部形成小半圓圈。漢字豎帶小圓圈，方頭二十，漢字地橫紋飾26橫，上緣民國二字開口。
這是唯一由地方軍閥製造的錢幣：‘大漢四川軍政府製造’應對了收藏裡的藏‘絕’一說，這枚錢幣就是錢幣收藏界裡的一絕。
由於古代錢幣易被仿製，所以大面額的錢幣極少製造，主要是以十文的小面額較為常用，四川銅幣軍政府製造當制五十文錢在內的四川銅幣存世量非常少，而且因為極具特色，發行量少，流通時間短，現在能夠看到的極少。這枚當五十的銅錢只有軍方拿來使用，所以流傳至今的極其稀少，這也是為什麼古代錢幣當百當千的銅錢，會比普通的小平錢價值高出千倍萬倍，同樣這枚當百四川銅錢收藏價值在四川銅幣中是極高的。
英文翻譯：
Sichuan copper COINS were minted by the local government of Sichuan province in the late Qing Dynasty and beiyang Period。 Due to the lack of silver and copper mines in Sichuan province and the warlords‘ division after the Revolution of 1911， the regulations of the Central government on the proportion of raw materials and the denomination of copper COINS were not strictly observed。 As a result， the circulation of copper COINS in Sichuan was very large， which caused the artificially high prices and affected the economic development。 Sichuan copper COINS were cast in June in the 29th year of the Reign of Emperor Guangxu。 It was not until November in the 24th year of the Republic of China （1935） that the legal currency was gradually withdrawn from circulation。
In May 1911， under the pretext of nationalization of railway， the corrupt Qing government transferred the right to build roads in Sichuan， Han， Guangdong and Han to the British， French， German and American Banks， arousing the opposition of people all over the country， especially in Sichuan Province。 Hundreds of thousands of people joined the Road Protection Corps。 After the Wuchang uprising， the provinces successively declared independence and the road protection army besieged Chengdu。 Unable to control the situation in Sichuan， Zhao Erfeng had to hand over power to the Sichuan Bao Lu movement leader Pu Dianjun and other constitutional personage。 Thus， Sichuan province also declared independence， set up the “Han Sichuan military government”， and took over the Chengdu mint branch。 In order to expand the military supplies， this “Han” coin was minted and issued。
Black lacquer： bronze long-term in atmospheric corrosion mechanism analysis of copper， bronze， brass in the atmosphere is very stable， generally less than 0。00015 mm/year， in the copper surface generates a very stable layer of protective film， mainly alkaline type copper sulfate in olive green， also can produce copper oxide （CuO） in black， cuprous sulphur black， and stannous oxide （SnO）， dark brown。 The longer the age of the rust layer thickened color also become deeper， commonly known as “black lacquer ancient”， if long-term play in the hands will make the surface as bright as a mirror commonly known as “handed down the ancient”。 But electrochemical corrosion also occurs in this type of copper， so it is “mute”。 If the copper in a dry environment for a long time （atmosphere or soil） will also produce copper oxide and Venus oxide dark black， commonly known as “black lacquer ancient”
The collection is introduced
Chinese name： the junta back Han 18 circle Sichuan copper COINS
The Military government carried copper COINS from Sichuan Province
Specification： one coin
Category： Miscellaneous
Product phase： Meipin， the surface naturally oxidizes to form black lacquer slurry。
The front is Sichuan copper COINS， the middle is the pattern of begonia， the top is made by the junta， the bottom is the value of the coin。 Left and right for flower star grain。 Is on the back of six words of the first year of the republic of China， the central bead circle is the han， the outside is 18 small circle， represent the 18 provinces at the time， the moral 18 provinces of the people work together to fight together， positive and negative COINS are formed black paint old wrapped slurry， beauty is like a piece of black jade， black lacquer patina ensures the coin s， open the door to me， also protect the COINS as a layer of protective film， protect the COINS from the acid corrosion， erosion， oxidation and so on， easy to save。
The military government made sichuan copper COINS when making one hundred COINS， the back of the calendar for the Republic of China two years。 There is a big Chinese character on the back， so it is also called “Big Han Copper COINS” in the collection circle。
“Big Man” coin in the face value and material of the format or a variety of。 There are silver one yuan， five jiao， two jiao， one jiao。 To make one hundred COINS， five hundred COINS， twenty COINS， ten COINS， etc。 There are the first year of the Republic of China， the second year of the Republic of China and the third year of the Republic of China。
Sichuan copper COINS made of red copper 50 wen Military government。 Edge teeth short， left and right hollow cross star。 The characters on this currency are all gold based。 Sichuan copper coin four words open， point for the heart。 Sichuan word last lengthen wear a hat， above wear two points。 The bronze was beside the letters， and half was missing from the third。 Coin word a thick dot instead of skimming。 The military government on the edge of the building， the military character stroke is fine， the army to the point beginning， and horizontal break is not connected， commonly known as filament army。 Political point attack heart， anti - text skimming connected。 Fu word point beginning， horizontal skim not even。 At the beginning of the point， the word cow mouth。 Money word four horizontal gold， the third horizontal bend。 Text is from the text， skimming and horizontal is not connected。 On the edge of the military government to build， between the government to make a horizontal mark。 In the second year of the Republic of China， a small semicircle is formed on the right side of the Chinese character。 Chinese character vertical with small circle， square head 20， Chinese character horizontal decoration 26 horizontal， the upper edge of the Republic of China two words open。
This is the only coin produced by a local warlord： ’Made by the Great Han Sichuan Military Government‘ deals with the idea of ’no‘ in the collection， and this coin is a no。 1 in the collection world。
Because ancient COINS are easy to be copied， large denomination COINS are rarely made， mainly in small denomination with ten characters。 Sichuan copper COINS， which are made by the military government of Sichuan province， are rare in the world。 Moreover， because of their unique features， small circulation and short circulation time， few of them can be seen now。 This copper coin is only used by the military， so it has been extremely rare， which is why the ancient coin when a thousand copper COINS， will be thousands of times higher than ordinary xiaoping money value， the same when a hundred Sichuan copper COINS collection value is very high in Sichuan copper COINS。
