中考英語常考易錯點專題講練：選擇型閱讀（含答案解析）
選擇型閱讀
知識清單
一、 考點分析
1。 細節理解題
這種題目比較簡單，只要閱讀全文，瞭解文中所敘述的重要事實或細節就可以解答出來，有的甚至可以從文章的原句中直接找到答案。此類題目的出題形式很多，例如：
（1）Which of the following statements is true？
（2）Which of the following is （not） mentioned？
（3）How many/How much/Where/How/What。。。？
要快速辨認和記憶事實或細節，就需要恰當地使用查閱的方法。查閱是考生在對材料有所瞭解的情況下進行的，它的特點是帶著問題去尋找答案。
2。 猜測詞意題
在閱讀中，我們經常會遇到一些生詞，需要根據上下文猜測它們的意思。此類問題考查學生緊扣原文，根據上下文語境判斷單詞、詞語或短句意義的能力。常見的題型有：直接對生詞進行解釋；對多義詞或短語在文章具體語言環境中的意義做出準確判斷；對英語中的一些格言或諺語進行解釋；對文中一些代詞的指代物件做出界定等。這種題型常見的設題方式如下：
（1）The underlined word （phrase） in the passage means
。
（2）The word “it/them” in the first paragraph refers to
。
（3）The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means
。
（4）What does the underlined word“。。。”refer to
。
在做此類題時，考生應緊扣原文，根據上下文語境進行判斷，切不要望文生義或斷章取義，也不能只選擇自己熟悉的意思。
3。 推理判斷題
推理判斷題屬於深層閱讀理解題。它要求考生儘量考慮文中全部資訊或事實，在通篇理解文章的基礎上，嚴格按照作者提供的資訊推斷出作者的言外之意。這種題型常見的設題方式有：
（1）From the text， it can be inferred that
。
（2）The passage suggests that
。
（3）Which of the following best describes
。
（4）The writer‘s attitude towards。。。is
。
（5）From the text， we learn that
。
這種題目有一定難度，解答時必須根據上下文及相互間的關係或對整篇文章進行深層理解後，才能找到答案。有時甚至還得聯絡作者的意圖、態度等文外之意加以推理。
4。 主旨歸納題
這種題型要求學生在理解全文的基礎上，對文章進行歸納、概括或評價。解這種題目時，不能只憑文中的隻言片語而斷章取義，如涉及文章的標題 （title）、主題 （main idea）、結論 （conclusion）、結局 （end）等有關問題，都需要在細讀全文的基礎上，結合所學語言知識進行邏輯思維、推理、判斷，從而獲取文章中的內在資訊。常見的設題方式有：
（1）The general idea of the passage is about
。
（2）The main idea of the article is
。
（3）The main purpose of this selection is
。
（4）The passage suggests that
。
（5）Which of the following best states the theme of the passage？
二、解題步驟
做閱讀理解時，可遵循三部曲的原則，即：快速閱讀短文；認真逐題作答；複查校對答案。
第一步，快速閱讀短文。
先讀題，明確題目要求，弄清考點，然後帶著問題去讀文章，這種方法在英語中稱為scanning，就是尋讀。快速閱讀一遍弄清段落大意，對全文有一個整體瞭解，掌握中心意思，注意哪些用以說明中心意思的主要事實和細節，抓住關鍵詞，弄清作者寫此篇文章的目的及意圖。如遇到生詞，應先跳過，繼續通讀全文，切忌長時間死扣生詞，因為有些生詞並不影響對全文的理解，還有一些詞可以透過上下文推測含義。
第二步，認真逐題作答。
看完短文後，對整篇短文的內容有了大致的瞭解，然後馬上看後面的問題，帶著問題去找答案。如果屬於客觀資訊題，就可直接在短文中找到出處。如果是主觀判斷題，則應迅速再讀全文，仔細分析思考，將近似的答案對照原文反覆比較，推敲，選出最佳答案。
第三步，仔細校對所選答案。
做完所有題目後，再讀一遍短文，逐一檢查所有答案是否有誤。如果有拿不定主意的答案，不要隨意更改。一定要從原文中找到依據。
提分策略
1。 如果文長題少，則以略讀的方式先讀一遍，而後帶著問題去查閱，求得要找的答案。
2。 如果文短題多，則應先仔細閱讀該短文，再去做題。遇到某個題答不來時，可帶著該問題去查閱有關細節。
3。 如果問的是一段文章的中心思想，則應重點讀段首句和段尾句，看是否有主題句。有時主題句可能位於段中，也有的段落無明顯的主題句，那就要自己分析、歸納中心思想。
4。 如果問題要求解答數字、人名、地名、時間等，則可直接用查閱的方法來尋求答案，也可先略讀而後查閱。
5。 如果文章中提到的事實多、涉及面廣，可採取抓關鍵詞的辦法，記住文章中所談及的各個方面，從而判斷選取答問題。
6。 有時遇到看不懂的難句，讀了幾遍仍然不懂，可做記號，暫時放下，留待以後有時間再來考慮。
總而言之，掌握一定的閱讀技巧和方法固然重要，但要想在閱讀理解這一重要知識板塊取得高分，還必須經過堅持不懈的努力。閱讀理解需要紮實的語言基礎以及熟練的語言能力，而紮實的語言基礎來自平時嚴格的基本功訓練，熟練的語言能力來自長期的知識積累以及運用。只要平時刻苦努力，打下紮實的英語基礎知識，再加上科學的解題方法，閱讀理解不失分就不再是一個遙不可及的夢想了。
【例1】（2014·山東棗莊）
Zhalong is a nature reserve in Heilongjiang in northeast。 It is one of the world’s most important wetlands。 The area provides food and shelter for wildlife。 It is an ideal home for different kinds of plants， fish and birds。
Many birds live comfortably in Zhalong Nature Reserve all year round， while some only stay for a short time。 There are many fish in the wetlands， and the birds can easily catch them for food。 Zhalong Nature Reserve is an important living area for the rare red-crowned cranes。 There are not many red-crowned cranes in the world。 Some of them live in Zhalong。
Some people want to change the wetlands to make more space for farms and buildings。 This means that there will be less and less space for wildlife。
More and more birds are in danger because they do not have enough living space。 Many of them died。 The Chinese government wants to protect these endangered birds， and they can be safe in Zhalong。
Every year a lot of tourists go to Zhalong to watch birds。 This year members of our Bird Watching Club are going to study the different kinds of birds in Zhalong and the changes in their numbers。 The study begins next month。
We do a bird count once a year。 We are now inviting secondary school students to help。 We need more people to help us count and do something to help the birds。 Many people do not understand the importance of the wetlands。 We hope this information will help them understand and make them actively take action to protect wildlife。
1。 What is the best title of the passage？
A。 Less and Less Space for Wildlife
B。 Many Tourists Watch birds in Zhalong Yearly
C。 Zhalong is a Famous Scenic Spot
D。 Zhalong： A Special Place
2。 The shelter in the first paragraph means
。
A。 a place to live or stay B。 a large zoo
C。 a place to hunt animals D。 a large park
3。 Which of the following sentences is false？
A。 There are a lot of red-crowned cranes in other parts of the world。
B。 Some birds go to Zhalong for a short stay。
C。 Zhalong nature reserve is the comfortable home of many birds。
D。 Birds can find food without difficulty in Zhalong。
4。 Why are more and more birds endangered？ Because
。
A。 many tourists watch them
B。 many of the birds died
C。 people have less and less place
D。 their living place is less and less
5。 This passage is written to
。
A。 ask people to do something for birds
B。 help people learn about protecting wildlife
C。 make people understand how important the wetlands are
D。 ask students all over the world to watch birds
【主旨大意】文章透過對黑龍江扎龍自然保護區的介紹，幫助我們更好地瞭解保護野生動物的一些知識。
1。 D解析：標題選擇題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了黑龍江扎龍自然保護區的情況，它是世界上最重要的溼地之一。因此，最佳標題為Zhalong： A Special Place。故選D。
2。 A解析：細節理解題。由第一段中的“The area provides food and shelter for wildlife。 It is an ideal home for different kinds of plants， fish and birds。”可以判斷，shelter的意思是“庇護所”，相當於a place to live or stay。
3。 A解析：細節理解題。由第二段中的“There are not many red-crowned cranes in the world。 Some of them live in Zhalong。”可知，世界上其他地區的丹頂鶴不多，因此，A項的表述是錯誤的。
4。 D解析：細節理解題。 由第四段中的“More and more birds are in danger because they do not have enough living space。”可知，越來越多的鳥瀕臨滅絕是因為它們的居住環境越來越少了。
5。 B 解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要幫助我們瞭解保護野生動物的一些知識，故選B。
【例2】（2013·貴州銅仁）
In the year 2050， there will be different kinds of materials for clothes。 Special materials will keep the clothes clean for ever。 They will never get dirty or wear out。 We will have less work because we won‘t have to wash them。 So we can save water and money。 And children won’t worry about what to wear to school every day。 They won‘t go to school。 They’ll stay at home in front of their computers to study。 They can wear their favorite “Saturday clothes” every day。 It will be fun。 Do you think so？ What do you think school clothes and school life will be like in 2050？
1。 Maybe we
wash clothes in the year 2050。
A。 didn‘t B。 needn’t
C。 mustn‘t D。 won’t be allowed to
2。 Why won‘t the children go to school？
A。 because they’ll play at home。
B。 because they hate to go to school。
C。 because they‘ll study on the Internet。
D。 because they’ll wash clothes to make money。
3。 Will the clothes get dirty in the year 2050？
A。 No， it won‘t。 B。 Yes， they will。
C。 Yes， it will。 D。 No， they won’t。
4。 In the year 2050， the clothes will not
for ever。
A。 wear out or get dirty
B。 wear well
C。 be thinner and thinner
D。 be fantastic
5。 From the passage， which of the following is NOT true？
A。 There will be different kinds of materials for clothes。
B。 The children can wear their favorite clothes。
C。 The children always worry about what to wear。
D。 The children can study at home in front of their computers。
【主旨大意】 這是一篇關於未來預測的文章。主要講述以下幾個方面：在2050年，服裝將用特殊材料製作，永遠不會變髒或穿破；孩子們不用上學，他們將在家在電腦上學習；他們每天可以穿最喜愛的“星期六服裝”。
1。 B解析：細節理解題。由短文第三句和第四句話“They will never get dirty or wear out。 We will have less work because we won‘t have to wash them”可知，在2050年，我們不必洗衣服，所以選擇答案B。
2。 C解析：細節理解題。根據短文“They’ll stay at home in front of their computers to study。”，可知選擇答案C。
3。 D解析：細節理解題。根據“They will never get dirty or wear out。”，可知選擇答案D。
4。 A解析：細節理解題。根據“They will never get dirty or wear out。”，所以選擇答案A。
5。 C解析：細節理解題。根據“And children won‘t worry about what to wear to school every day，”可知孩子們不用擔心穿什麼上學，所以表達不正確的是C項，所以選擇答案C。
專項訓練
Passage 1（2014·江蘇常州·A 43~45）
Imagine a classroom missing the one thing that has long been considered a necessary part to reading and writing？ No paper， no books， no test paper。 Nor are there any pencils or pens which always seem to run out of ink at the important moment。
A “paperless classroom” is what more and more schools are trying to achieve。 Students don’t do any handwriting in this class。 Instead， they use hand-sized or specially-designed computers。 The teacher downloads information from Internet libraries and sends them to every student‘s personal computer。
Having computers also means that students can use the Web。 They can look up information on any subject they’re studying from math to social science。 High school teacher Judy Herrell in Florida， US， described how her class used the Web to learn about what‘s going on in the world。
“We could touch every side of the country through different sites from the forest to refugee（難民） camps。” she said， “Using a book that’s three or four years old is impossible。” And exams can go online too。 At a high school in Tennessee， US， students take tests on their own computers。 The teacher records the grades on the network for everyone to see and then copies them to his own grade book on the Internet。
A paperless classroom is a big step towards reducing the waste of paper。 High school teacher Stephanie Sorrell in Kentucky， US， said she used to give about 900 pieces of paper each week to each student。
“Think about the money and trees we could save with the computers，” she said。 But， with all this technology， there‘s always the risk that the machines will break down。 So， paper books are still widely available for these hi-tech students。
1。 In a paperless classroom， what is a must？
A。 Pens。 B。 Computers。
C。 Information。 D。 books。
2。 The high school teacher， Judy Herrell， used the example of her class to show that
。
A。 the Web could take them everywhere
B。 the Web taught them a lot
C。 the Web can help students have online exams
D。 the Web can help students get the latest news
3。 Which of the following is not the writer’s opinion？
A。 The paperless classroom will be good for trees。
B。 There are some differences between the paperless studies and those in the usually way。
C。 Paper books are no longer useful。
D。 Paper-free studies are popular with more and more schools。
Passage 2（2014·北京門頭溝一模·53~55）
Chinese are very generous（慷慨的） when it comes to educating their children。 Not caring about the money， parents often send their children to the best schools or even abroad to， theand。 They also want their children to take extra-course activities where they will either learn a musical instrument or ballet， or other classes which will give them a head in life。 The Chinese believe that the more expensive an education is， the better it is。 So parents will spend an unreasonable amount of money on education。 Even poor couples will buy a computer for their son or daughter。 However， what most parents fail to see is that the best early education they can give their children is usually very cheap。
Parents can see that their children are very skilled in some areas while poor in others。 What most parents fail to realize though， is that today‘s children are short of self-respect and self-confidence。
The problem is that parents are only educating their children on how to take multiple-choice tests and how to study well， but parents are not teaching them the most important skills that they need to be confident， happy and clever。
Parents can achieve this by teaching practical skills like cooking， sewing and doing other housework。 Teaching a child to cook will improve many of the skills that he will need later in life。 Cooking requires patience and time。 It is an enjoyable but difficult experience。 A good cook always tries to improve his cooking， so he will learn to work hard and finish his job successfully step by step。 His result， a well-cooked dinner， will give him much satisfaction and lots of self-confidence。
Some old machines， such as a broken radio or TV set that you give your child to play with will make him curious and arouse（激發） his interest。 He will spend hours looking at them， trying to fix them； your child might become an engineer when he grows up。 These activities are not only teaching a child to read a book， but rather to think， to use his mind。 And that is more important。
1。 Most Chinese parents don’t realize
。
A。 how much the best education is worth
B。 when children should be educated
C。 what children really need in later life
D。 why school tests don‘t satisfy children
2。 What is the main idea of the last paragraph？
A。 Fixing old machines is very important。
B。 Interest is necessary for everything。
C。 Broken things are useful for children。
D。 Using hands helps improve thinking ability。
3。 The writer’s attitude（看法） to children‘s education is that
。
A。 the cheaper an education is， the better it is
B。 children today should learn different skills
C。 practical skills are useful to children’s growth
D。 school education can‘t meet parents’ expectation
Passage 3 （2013·北京一模）
Now， more and more mothers wear the same clothes as their daughters， so people often mistake them for each other。 According to a new study， mothers today look to their daughters for fashion and beauty ideas。 The study questioned 343 mothers and daughters， with an average （平均的） age of 44 for mums and 16 for the daughters。
Maybe，I should throw out my grammar books and start from scratch。 A report from Temple University， Philadelphia （費城） also say that many children act older than their years。 But they don‘t listen to the opinion （意見） from their parents in wearing。
Some mothers buy the same clothe as their daughters do。 They like the same colour and style as their daughters。 They do so because they want to keep as young as their daughters。 And now many more mothers compare beauty with their daughters。 So a strange thing happens： the woman may look like a teenager from behind， but she is already middle-aged from the front。
The report shows that if a mum is young at heart and fashion， she is more likely to act as her daughter as a style expert and copy her。 So what are the mothers going to wear in the future？ This may depend on their daughters。
1。 Why do people mistake mothers and their daughters？
A。 Because they have the same hobbies。
B。 Because they often wear the same clothes。
C。 Because they often walk together。
D。 Because they often have the same hair style。
2。 How many people were there being questioned in the study？
A。 44。 B。 16。 C。 343。 D。 60。
3。 What do many children like to wear in their daily life？
A。 Clothes that make them look older。
B。 Clothes that look fashionable。
C。 Clothes that are expensive。
D。 Clothes that are beautiful。
4。 What do mothers like to compare with their daughters？
A。 Clothes。 B。 Lifestyle。
C。 Jobs。 D。 Beauty。
5。 What is the main idea of this passage？
A。 Daughters should wear as their mothers do。
B。 Mothers should learn from their daughters in the lifestyle。
C。 Daughters’ fashion may influence their mothers‘。
D。 Ideas of wearing different clothes。
Passage 4 （2013·河北）
Most people know that bad lifestyle habits like smoking and drinking can lead to quick aging （變老）。 But what could be causing quick aging in your life？
Poor Diet
What you eat probably affects （影響） your health more than anything else you do。 When you eat a poor diet，you invite quick aging。 On the other hand，when you eat the life-giving foods，you can prevent disease。 In general，your diet should include legumes （豆類）， nuts， fruits， and vegetables。 The studies show that the fruits and vegetables are important for keeping healthy， preventing cancer， and protecting against environmental toxins （毒素）。
Unhappiness
Unhappiness does not only make you depressed， but it also affects your health。 In fact， depressed，unhappy people are twice as likely to develop heart disease。 Joyful people have longer and healthier lives。
Lack of Exercise
Exercise is important to our health。 Walking，hiking，jogging，bicycling，and stair climbing are all good for you。
Stress
Stress is also harmful to our health。 To stay stress free， remember to breathe （呼吸） deeply every day。 And give yourself a break！
Lack of Sleep
There’s no way around it： the adults need seven to eight hours of quality sleep every night to stay healthy。 Without enough time to sleep each night，you will run your body down and become unhealthy。
1。 In fact，
people are more likely to develop heart disease。
A。 depressed B。 happy
C。 joyful D。 clever
2。
are important for keeping healthy。
A。 Legumes and nuts B。 Fruits and vegetables
C。 Legumes and vegetables D。 Nuts and fruits
3。 How many hours do the adults need to sleep every night？
A。 About eight。 B。 Ten。
C。 Eleven。 D。 Twelve。
4。 Which can cause quick aging according to the passage？
A。 Poor diet。 B。 Happiness。
C。 More exercise。 D。 More sleep。
5。 Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？
A。 Eating too much is good for your health。
B。 Breathing deeply every day can help you have less stress。
C。 If you sleep eight hours each night，you‘ll become unhealthy。
D。 Hiking and jogging aren’t helpful。
Passage 5 （2013·江蘇南京）
In my life I have traveled to many beautiful places。 Most of them in my mind are blurriness， but one place I have never forgotten。 It is my hometown‘s Green Water Lake。
Actually，Green Water Lake is Green Water River； this river crosses two provinces。 Some company made a dam on the river， so the dam top’s river seems like a lake。 The water is very clean and smooth， and there are hundreds of islands in the lake。 There are some islands that have thousands of birds； there are some islands with a lot of bamboo， pines， and with many kinds of plants I don‘t know the names。 The flowers are white， red， pink and purple everywhere。 There are beautiful smells and beautiful sights。
I lived in my hometown from the time I was ten years old to the time I was eighteen years old。 In those eight years， every summer I swam in the Green Water Lake。 I liked to swim in the lake。 I liked to dive in the water and watch the fish。 I liked swimming in the rain and floating on the water while listening to the rain。 It was like beautiful music。 Sometimes I swam to an island to pick up wildflowers。
Right now every year there are thousands of tourists who travel to Green Water Lake。 I am very happy that people like the lake， but I worry that people will pollute the lake because Green Water Lake in my heart is very important。 I hope Green Water Lake will be beautiful forever and ever！
1。 The underlined word “
blurriness
” means
。
A。 impress B。 clearly
C。 important D。 forgettable
2。 Which of the following is NOT TRUE according the passage？
A。 The writer has lived in the Green Water Lake for ten years。
B。 In fact the Green Water Lake isn’t a lake。
C。 The writer enjoyed listening to the sound of the rain。
D。 There are many colorful flowers on the islands。
3。 What sight of Green Water Lake isn‘t mentioned in the passage？
A。 There are many kinds of unknown plants。
B。 There are a lot of beautiful islands。
C。 You can see many pandas eating the bamboo。
D。 Its beautiful sights attract many visitors。
4。 What’s the third paragraph‘s main idea？
A。 The writer enjoyed his childhood。
B。 The lake brought the writer a wonderful time。
C。 The lake is a beautiful place。
D。 The lake’s weather is humid in summer。
5。 What does the writer worry about the Green Water Lake？
A。 The birds will reduce。
B。 More companies will come here。
C。 He won‘t visit it freely。
D。 The visitors will pollute it。
Passage 6 （2013·浙江杭州）
Are you in a bad mood？ Don’t worry！ According to a new Australian study， a bad mood can actually be good for you。 The study showed that being sad could help people to judge others more correctly and was also good for the memory。
The study was carried out by Professor Joseph Forgas at the University of New South Wales。 “People in a bad mood paid more attention to the people and things around them than happy people。 Happy people were more likely to believe anything they were told，” said Forgas。
For the study， Forgas and his team did a lot of experiments。 During the experiments， they made the
participants
feel happy or sad by watching films and thinking about good or bad things of the past。
In one of the experiments， happy and sad participants were asked to judge whether some wrong things were true or not。 The results showed that people in a bad mood were less likely to believe that these things were true。
People in a bad mood were also less likely to make mistakes when they were asked to remember the things that they saw。
The study also showed that sad people were better at talking about their thoughts in written style。 In fact， the study said that a light bad mood could help to make communication more successful。
1。 Can a bad mood actually be good for us according to a new Australian study？
A。 Yes， it can。 B。 No， it can‘t。
C。 Yes， it can’t。 D。 No， it can。
2。
participants
probably believed anything they were told。
A。 Sad people B。 Happy people
C。 People in a bad mood D。 Sick people
3。 What does the underline word “
” mean？
A。 隊員 B。 參與者
C。 失落的人 D。 快樂的人
4。
participants
could help you remember things more correctly。
A。 A good mood B。 A bad mood
C。 A good and bad mood D。 A good mood or a bad mood
5。 Which of the following is right according to the passage？
A。 A good mood is good for the memory。
B。 Happy people paid more attention to the people and things around them than sad people。
C。 Sad people were better at talking about their thoughts in written style than happy people。
D。 A light good mood could help to make communication more successful。
參考答案與解析
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹無紙課堂，學生透過網頁獲得知識和最新訊息。
1。 B解析：細節理解題。由第二段第三句 “specially-designed computers。” 可知道答案。故選B。
2。 D解析：推理判斷題。由第三段最後一句 “described how her class used the Web to learn about what‘s going on in the world。” 判斷，Judy Herrell向同學們表示網頁能幫助學生得到最新訊息。故選D。
3。 C解析：推理判斷題。由短文內容判斷，作者沒有提到課本不再使用。故選C。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文主要透過中國家長對孩子的教育情況，說明他們沒有認識到孩子以後的生活中需要什麼，認為實踐能力對孩子們的成長是有用的。
1。 C解析：推理判斷題。由短文內容和第一段判斷，大多數中國家長沒有認識到自己的孩子在以後的生活中真正需要什麼。故選C。
2。 D解析：大意概括題。最後一段主要講使用雙手提高想象力。故選D。
3。 C解析：細節理解題。作者對孩子教育的態度是：實踐能力對孩子們的成長是有用的。故選C。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】如今，很多母親願意和自己的女兒穿一樣的衣服，她們喜歡同樣的顏色和款式，這是母親渴望重返年輕的表現。
1。 B解析：細節理解題。第一段第一句告訴我們母親和女兒穿同樣的衣服使得人們不容易辨認她們。
2。 C解析：細節理解題。由第一段第三句可知有343名女性在這次研究中被訪問。
3。 A解析：推理判斷題。由第二段第一句可推出如今的孩子們總是喜歡打扮得比較成熟，也就是說她們愛穿能使她們看上去比實際年齡大的服裝。
4。 D解析：細節理解題。根據第三段第四句可知如今很多母親喜歡和女兒比美麗。
5。 C解析：主旨大意題。根據文意可知母親的時尚是受女兒影響的。短文最後兩句即是全文的總結。
Passage 4
【主旨大意】不好的生活方式和習慣容易使人變老，本文介紹了五種容易使人變老的生活方式：不健康飲食、不愉快、缺乏鍛鍊、壓力、睡眠不足。
1。 A 解析：細節理解題。由第三段第二句“In fact， depressed，unhappy people are twice as likely to develop heart disease。” 可知答案選A。
2。 B解析：細節理解題。由第二段第五句“the fruits and vegetables are important for keeping healthy”可知答案選B。
3。 A解析：細節理解題。最後一段提到，成年人每晚需要7~8小時的睡眠。故選項A“大約8小時”為正確答案。
4。 A 解析：細節理解題。根據導致人變老的五個因素可知，只有選項 A符合。
5。 B解析：推理判斷題。倒數第二段指出，每天做深呼吸可以幫助減輕壓力。故選項B正確。
Passage 5
【主旨大意】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了作者家鄉的綠水湖。湖內眾多島嶼縱橫交錯，綠樹成蔭，百鳥棲息，花團錦簇，景色美不勝收，是作者童年的樂園。
1。 D解析：詞意猜測題。本句話的意思是“去過的很多地方已經淡忘了，只有一個地方讓我記憶猶新”，可推測blurriness的意思是“模糊不清，容易忘記”，故答案選D。
2。 A解析：推理判斷題。由第三段“In those eight years。。。”可知作者在那生活了八年。故選項A的說法不正確。
3。 C解析：細節理解題。作者在第二段提及島上有竹子，但未提及有熊貓，故選項C熊貓吃竹子，這道風景看不到。
4。 B解析：段落大意題。第三段描述了綠水湖美麗的風光給作者帶來了無窮的樂趣，故答案選B。
5。 D 解析：細節理解題。由“worry that people will pollute the lake”可知作者擔心遊客會給綠水湖帶來汙染。
Passage 6
【主旨大意】本文主要介紹了我們不要擔憂偶爾的情緒低落。一項新的研究顯示，負面情緒不僅能夠提高人們的判斷力，而且能增強人們的記憶力。
1。 A解析：細節判讀題。根據文章第一段中“According to a new Australian study， a bad mood can actually be good for you。”可以判斷壞心情是對我們有利的。故選A。
2。 B解析：細節推理題。根據第二段中最後一句話“Happy people were more likely to believe anything they were told。”可以推理出快樂的人很可能相信他們得知的一切。故選B。
3。 B解析：詞意推測題。根據文章第三段，Forgas和他的小組成員做了很多的實驗，在實驗中他們透過讓參與者看電影以及回憶過去的好的或壞的事情來讓他們感到快樂或悲傷。因此，文中“participants” 譯為“參與者”更適合該句子的意義。
4。 B 解析：句子推理題。理解句子“People in a bad mood were also less likely to make mistakes when they were asked to remember the things that they saw。”我們可以推理出當壞心情的人被要求記住所看到的事情時很少犯錯誤。所以，壞心情能夠幫助你更準確的記住一些事情。故選B。
5。 C解析：全文理解題。A錯在不是好心情，應該是壞心情有益於我們的記憶力；B錯在不是高興的人比傷心的人，而是傷心的人比高興的人更注意周圍的人和事物；C是正確的，根據“The study also showed that sad people were better at talking about their thoughts in written style。”可以判斷；D錯在不是好心情而是壞心情能夠使交流更成功。故選C。
