must表示“需要”的否定式居然不是must not?

【2019年11月21日 百天英語-Day119】

【華東師範大學-林森撰寫】

今日閱讀:

①Has it ever happened to you? Have you ever put your trousers in the washing machine and then remembered there was a large bank note in your back pocket? When you rescued your trousers, did you find the note was whiter than white? ②People who live in Britain needn‘t despair when they made mistakes like this (and a lot of people do)! Fortunately for them, the Bank of England has a team called Mutilated Ladies which deals with claims from people who fed their money to a machine or to their dog。 Dogs, it seems, love to chew up money!

節選《新概念英語3 Mutilated ladies》

【生詞】

mutilate v。 使殘缺不全

chew v。 咀嚼

microwave n。 微波,微波爐

oven n。 爐灶

昨日內容複習提要

昨天學習了主要學習了 ①ever的用法。②than的用法。

昨天文章如下:

知道for ever表示“永遠”,ever so是什麼意思?ever的用法解析

今日文章解讀:

People who live in Britain needn’t despair when they made mistakes like this (and a lot of people do)! Fortunately for them, the Bank of England has a team called Mutilated Ladies which deals with claims from people who fed their money to a machine or to their dog。 Dogs, it seems, love to chew up money!

當英國人犯這種錯誤時,他們不必感到絕望(而許多國家的人都有這種絕望的感覺)。對英國人來說,值得慶幸的是英國銀行有一個殘鈔鑑別組,負責理那些把錢塞進機器或塞給狗的人提出的索賠要求。看起來,狗很喜歡咀嚼錢幣。

must表示“需要”的否定式居然不是must not?

(1)need可分情態動詞和實義動詞

①need作情態動詞時,多用於疑問句和否定句中

You need tell no one。 你不必告訴別人。

②need作情態動詞,加完成式,可用於表示過去未實現的動作

She needn’t have gone to the club last week。 她上週其實不必去俱樂部。(實際去了)

③need作實義動詞

She didn’t need to go to the club last week。 她上週沒有必要去俱樂部。(實際確實沒有去)

④must的否定式為need not而不是must not

must表示需要做某事

need not表示不必需做某事

must not表示不準做某事

所以當我們問,我必須做某事嗎?我們一般回答,You need not。而不是You must not。

must表示“需要”的否定式居然不是must not?

(2)句型分析

Fortunately for them, / the Bank of England has a team ( called Mutilated Ladies / which deals with claims from people) (who fed their money to a machine or to their dog)。

這個句子咋看有點長,但慢慢看,學會斷句,就能看出修飾關係,意思也就明瞭了。

the Bank of England has a team是主句。其他均為修飾。

a team (called Mutilated Ladies),修飾team。

a team called Mutilated Ladies / which deals with claims from people。

根據就近原則,可以看為which引導的定語從句修飾Mutilated Ladies。

people (who fed their money to a machine or to their dog)。

who引導的定義從句用來修飾people。

這樣句子就看清晰了是吧。

句子拆分的原則,首先是逗號,其次就是各種引導詞。看到長句子不要怕,學會拆分就能理解表達含義了。

(3)插入語

Dogs, it seems, love to chew up money!

兩個逗號之間的內容為插入的內容,去掉不影響句子成分完整性。

Dogs love to chew up money! 完整的句子。這就是插入語。

之前的文章中講過很多次,不多講啦,可以回去看看。

【明日預報】

摘要:新概念英語3的第7課Mutilated ladies,殘鈔鑑別組。明天主要內容:concern的用法。還沒有關注的請關注《百天英語》,每天更新,如果對《百天英語》有什麼意見或建議,歡迎留言或私信我哦。

must表示“需要”的否定式居然不是must not?